Bob Dylan's version |
Joan Baez's adaptation |
Farewell Angelina The bells of the crown Are being stolen by bandits I must follow the sound The triangle tingles The music play slow But farewell Angelina The night is on fire And I must go There is no use in talking And there is no need for blame There is nothing to prove Ev’rything still is the same A table standing empty By the edge of the stream But farewell Angelina The sky's changing colors And I must leave The jacks and the queens They forsake the courtyard Fifty-two gypsies Now file past the guards In the space where the deuce And the ace once ran wild Farewell Angelina The sky is folding I’ll see you after a while See the cross-eyed pirates Sittin' perched in the sun Shooting tin cans With a sawed-off shotgun And the corporals and neighbors Clap and cheer with each blast But farewell Angelina The sky is trembling And I must leave fast King Kong, little elves In the rooftops they dance Valentino-type tangos While the hero's clean hands Shut the eyes of the dead Not to embarrass anyone Farewell Angelina The sky is flooding over And I must be gone (Harmonica Interlude) The camouflaged parrot He flutters from fear When something he doesn't know about Suddenly appears What cannot be imitated Perfect must die Farewell Angelina The sky is flooding over And I must go where it is dry Machine guns are roaring The puppets heave rocks At misunderstood visions And at the faces of clocks Call me any name you like I will never deny it But Farewell Angelina The sky is erupting And I must go where it’s quiet (Harmonica Ending) |
Farewell Angelina The bells of the crown Are being stolen by bandits I must follow the sound The triangle tingles And the trumpets play slow Farewell Angelina The sky is on fire And I must go. There’s no need for anger There’s no need for blame There is nothing to prove Ev’rything’s still the same Just a table standing empty By the edge of the sea Means Farewell Angelina The sky is trembling And I must leave. The jack and the queen Have forsaked the courtyard Fifty-two gypsies Now file past the guards In the space where the deuce And the ace once ran wild Farewell Angelina The sky is falling I’ll see you in a while See the cross-eyed pirates Sittin' perched in the sun Shooting tin cans With a sawed-off shotgun And the neighbors they clap And they cheer with each blast But farewell Angelina The sky’s changing color And I must leave fast King Kong, little elves On the rooftops they dance Valentino-type tangos While the makeup man’s hands Shut the eyes of the dead Not to embarrass anyone But farewell Angelina The sky is embarrassed And I must be gone The machine guns are roaring And the puppets heave rocks And fiends nail time bombs To the hands of the clocks Call me any name you like I will never deny it But farewell Angelina The sky is erupting I must go where it’s quiet |
deduce and ace (二仔與王牌): smallest (number two) and largest (number one) cards of a deck. heave (拋扔): lift or haul (something heavy) with great effort. fiend (惡魔﹑狂徒): an evil spirit or demon, informally an enthusiast or devotee. | |
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“Farewell, Angelina” marks a step forward in Dylan's writing style. He sings the coming birth of a new world from the ashes of the old one. His poetic approach is both symbolist and surrealist. The lyrics paints a forthcoming disaster (Farewell) amid elegant images (Angelina), describing a world falling apart. It sounds like a mysterious world with strange events, or is this the real world?
Perhaps Dylan was saying farewell to his former self, as he would transform from a folk singer with acoustic guitar to a rock musician with electric guitar, disappointing many of his folk fans.
Most likely Bob Dylan penned this song in later November 1964. On 13 January 1965, he recorded the song during the first session for his album “Bringing It All Back Home”. The track was omitted from the final album because he had given the song to Joan Baez, who named her 1965 album “Farewell, Angelina”.
Bob Dylan never performed this song onstage. His recording was finally released in 1991, as a track in “The Bootleg Series Volume 2”.
Dylan's interpretation is a model of its kind: a few chords on acoustic guitar and his voice in multiple variations, intensely emotional.
《Farewell, Angelina》標誌著 Dylan 的寫作風格,邁進一步。他以詩歌方式說唱,新世界即將從舊世界的灰燼中誕生,既有象徵性﹑又是超現實。歌詞在優雅的形象(Angelina)中,穿插一場迫近眉睫的災難(Farewell),描述土崩瓦解的境界。這聽來怪誕的虛擬世界,是否現今的世界?
也許,Dylan 是向自己的前身告別。他正在從一位抱著木結他的民謠歌手,轉變成為一名彈奏電結他的搖滾音樂家,讓眾多民謠歌迷,感到失望。
大約在 1964年11月尾 ,Bob Dylan 創作這首歌。1965年1月13日,在製作專輯《Bringing It All Back Home》的首節中,他灌錄了這首歌。這段錄音在出版前被抽起,因他已把歌曲送給 Joan Baez。她於 1965年推出專輯,命名為《Farewell, Angelina》。
在舞台上,Bob Dylan 從未現場演唱此曲。他的錄音最終在 1991年發行,作為《The Bootleg 系列》第二輯其中一首。
Dylan 的演釋,堪稱同類作品的典範:只有原聲結他,配上幾個和弦,唱出多種變奏的聲音,十分情緒化。
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In the seventh line of each verse, Dylan sings 'Farewell, Angelina' with a monotone, vaguely lilting resignation, subtly transmitting a great depth of emotion with his understated vocals. The penultimate line in each verse describes the sky. First it's on fire, then trembling, folding, changing color, being embarrassed, and finally erupting.
The final line in each verse is Dylan telling this unidentified Angelina that he must leave, must go where it's quiet — each verse ends with a slightly different sentiment of departure. The song discusses the coming of an apocalyptic event, and insists that we must go.
The apocalyptic feel of the song recalls the world events in that era. The Cuban missile crisis in October 1962 nearly brought a nuclear war. In August 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his famous speech "I Have a Dream". That year John F. Kennedy was assassinated in November. Then President Johnson pushed for stiffer policies on Vietnam. In 1964, the Beatles appeared on Sullivan Show in February, and the Civil Rights Act was passed in U.S. in July.
This song has been covered by many artists, before Dylan's original recording was revealed in 1991. The original lyrics of Dylan was slight different from Joan Baez's version, with an extra verse:
The camouflaged parrot, he flutters from fear When something he doesn't know about suddenly appears What cannot be imitated perfect must die Farewell Angelina, the sky is flooding over and I must go where it is dry. way.The song was adapted and translated into French by Pierre Delanoë as “Adieu Angélina”, performed by the female Greek singer Nana Mouskouri.
In 2019, composer Melissa Dunphy arranged “Farewell, Angelina” for solo voice and viola, commissioned by soprano Elise Brancheau for a concert benefiting coLAB Arts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Brancheau describes her impetus for the commission as follows,
I was immediately struck by the juxtaposition of the sweetly lilting vocal line (and gently strumming guitar accompaniment) with the apocalyptic text. The words, while strange and surreal, seemed to perfectly depict the sense of unrest and violence that fills our world today. The intimacy of the repeated “farewells” to a loved one while the world literally falls apart feels especially poignant; the almost absurd contrast between lines like “I’ll see you in awhile” and “the sky is falling” reminds me of the feeling of wanting to draw inward and deny the frightening things happening around us while also being unable to ignore them. I began imagining what the music would sound like if it reflected the sense of chaos and destruction of Dylan’s poetry, and commissioned Melissa Dunphy to compose such an arrangement for voice and viola.
每節的第七行中,Dylan 以單調、隱約輕快、聽天由命的方式,唱出 「Farewell, Angelina」﹔低調的嗓音,巧妙地傳遞出深沉的情感。每節倒數第二行,描述天際。先是燃燒,然後震顫、籠罩、變色、羞怒,最後爆發。
每節末行,Dylan 告訴身份不明的 Angelina,他必須離開,必須往安靜的地方 — 每節結束,離別情懷略有不同。這首歌,講述世界末日即將來臨,堅持必須遠離。
歌曲中的末日感,讓人回憶當年世界大事。1962年10月,古巴導彈危機幾乎引發核戰爭。1963年8月,小馬丁·路德·金(Martin Luther King, Jr.)發表著名演講《我有一個夢》。同年11月,約翰·甘尼迪 (John F. Kennedy) 被暗殺,其後總統約翰遜 (Johnson)對越南戰爭,採取更嚴厲的政策。1964年2月,披頭四樂隊在 Sullivan Show 上出現,美國於7月通過民權法案。
1991年以前,Dylan 的早期錄音未作公開,許多歌手已翻唱此曲。Dylan 最早的歌詞,與 Joan Baez 的版本稍異,更多了一節:
他偽裝份成鸚鵡,因恐懼而顫抖 他無法預計的事,會突然冒出來 完美得不能模仿,不存在世間上 告別了 Angelina,漫天滔滔奔流,我要往旱地走。Pierre Delanoë 改編這首歌,並翻譯成法文,名為《Adieu Angélina》,由希臘女歌手 Nana Mouskouri 演唱。
2019年,女高音 Elise Brancheau 委託作曲家 Melissa Dunphy,改編《Farewell, Angelina》作為獨唱,以中提琴伴奏。她在賓夕法尼亞州費城,為 coLAB Arts 舉辦一場公益音樂會,並獻唱作品。Brancheau 道出驅使她作委託的原因:
甜美輕快的聲線(和輕輕彈指的結他伴奏),與末日世界的文字並列,霎時觸動了我。 字裏行間,雖然古靈精怪和超乎現實,但又完美地描繪當今世界,充滿動盪和暴力。在世界面臨崩潰的同時,反覆與摯愛親密「告別」,尤其令人心酸。詞句中,如「稍後再見」和「天要塌下」等對比,幾乎是荒謬;讓我深深感受,縱然收心養性,並否認周圍發生的可怕事情,仍然無法忽視。 我開始想像,Dylan 詩歌的混亂感和破壞感,若以音樂反映,聽起來會是怎樣?因此邀請 Melissa Dunphy,為人聲和中提琴,譜寫如斯的編曲。
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With time his interest in music deepened, with a particular passion for American folk music and blues. One of his idols was Woody Guthrie, a renowned folk musician and beat poet. “You could listen to his songs and actually learn how to live,” said Dylan of Guthrie’s music.
Dylan moved to New York City in 1961 and began to perform in clubs and cafés in Greenwich Village. He met the record producer John Hammond with whom he signed a contract for his debut self-titled album, Bob Dylan (1962).
In the following years he recorded a number of albums which have had a tremendous impact on popular music. His productivity continued in the following decades, resulting in several masterpieces. He has been called “the voice of a generation”.
During the last six decades he has released more than 50 albums and written in excess of 500 songs, some of the most famous being “Blowin’ In The Wind”, “The Times They Are A-Changin’” and “Like A Rolling Stone”. His songs have been covered more than 6,000 times by various artists.
With this profound sense of freedom to freely muse and snatch a semblance of beauty and understanding from anywhere and everywhere, he has inspired generations of songwriters. Bob Dylan said:
The highest purpose of art is to inspire. What else can you do? What else can you do for anyone but inspire them?
漸漸,他對音樂的興趣加深,對美國民謠和藍調情有獨鍾。他其中一位偶像是 Woody Guthrie,是著名的民謠音樂家和反傳統詩人。關於其作品,Dylan 說﹕「你可以聆聽他的歌,學會真正如何生活。」
1961年,Dylan 移居紐約市,開始在 Greenwich Village 的俱樂部和咖啡店演出。他遇上唱片製作人 John Hammond,並與他簽訂合同,推出首張個人同名專輯 Bob Dylan (1962)。
隨後的幾年間,他錄製許多專輯,對流行音樂產生巨大影響。接下來的幾十年,他仍舊努力不懈,出版幾部傑作,被稱為「一代之聲音」。
在過去六十年,他發行50多張專輯,創作500多首歌曲,其中最著名的,包括《Blowin' In The Wind》、《The Times They Are a-Changin'》與《Like A Rolling Stone》。不同的藝術家,翻唱他的歌曲,達6,000多次。
他崇尚自由,從任何角度﹑不分界限地沉思,理解和捕捉美麗的比喻。憑藉這種深刻的體驗,他啟發一代又一代的詞曲作者。Bob Dylan 說:
藝術最高的境界,正是啟發。你還能做什麼?除激勵他們之外,還可以做些什麼?
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Due to her Mexican heritage, Joan Baez was subjected to racial slurs and discrimination while growing up. She became involved with a variety of social causes early in her career, including civil rights and nonviolence. In an interview, she stated that,
Social justice is the true core of my life, looming larger than music.In the 1960s, Joan Baez was the Queen of folk music. Her debut solo self-titled album Joan Baez (1960), followed by Joan Baez Volume 2 (1961) and Joan Baez in Concert (1962), all achieved Gold Record status, establishing her as a star.
Joan Baez has been folk royalty from the moment she took the stage at the Newport Folk Festival in 1959. Her clear, strong voice and political activism helped define the growing Greenwich Village folk scene. At the same time, Baez recognized a rising star there, Bob Dylan.
由於她的墨西哥血統,Joan Baez 在成長過程中,遭受種族歧視和辱罵。出道早期,她就參與各種社會運動,包括非暴力爭取民權。在一次採訪中,她表示:
伸張社會正義,是我生活的真正核心,比音樂更重要。在1960年代,Joan Baez 是民謠天后。她的首張個人同名專輯 Joan Baez (1960)、隨後的 Joan Baez Volume 2 (1961) 和 Joan Baez in Concert (1962) ,都成為金唱片,確立她的名氣光環。
自1959年在 Newport 民謠音樂節登台後,Joan Baez 成民謠新貴,人氣急昇。她清脆而鏗鏘的聲線,加上政治訴求鮮明,為不斷成熟的 Greenwich Village 民謠風格,帶出方向。與此同時,Baez 賞識在那裡一顆冉冉升起的新星﹕Bob Dylan。
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Baez included Dylan's songs in her live performances. They often performed together, and they had an intense two-year romance that deeply affected both of them. Together, they were not only seen as the king and queen of folk music, but they were seen as spokespeople for civil rights and social issues of the day. They appeared and performed at the Lincoln Memorial the day Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his riveting “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Washington in 1963.
But their paths were not meant to be parallel for long. Dylan embraced electric music, folk-rock, and apolitical songwriting, leaving the banner of “the cause” to Baez.
Baez had fond memories of Dylan, “[his] eyes were bluer than robin's eggs.” In a song, she famously wrote about him,
Well you burst on the scene already a legend The unwashed phenomenon, the original vagabondAt a live performance introducing this song, Baez described Dylan as “by far, the most talented and crazy person I've ever worked with.”
Joan Baez is best remembered for her folk music performances of the 1960s, which included 14 songs at the Woodstock Festival in 1969. She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017. After 60 years of performing, Baez announced her retirement in 2019.
在現場表演中,Baez 加入 Dylan 的歌曲。他們經常一起表演,並發展一段長達兩年的激情,深深地互相影響。倆人不僅是當時民謠音樂界的金童玉女,更被視為民權和社會運動的代言人。1963年,小馬丁·路德·金 (Martin Luther King, Jr.)在華盛頓遊行中,宣示《我有一個夢》(I Have a Dream),發人深省。那天,他們出現在林肯紀念堂,並即場聯手演唱。
但倆人有緣無份,最終分道揚鑣。 Dylan 擁抱電子音樂、搖滾民謠和非政治性的歌曲創作,把「社運」的旗幟交給 Baez。
Baez 對 Dylan 有著美好的回憶,「(他)的眼睛,比知更鳥的蛋還要藍。」在一首著名歌曲中,她刻意寫道﹕
嗯,你甫出道,已充滿傳奇 帶不羈形象,首創闖蕩一族在一次現場表演中介紹這首歌時,Baez 形容 Dylan 是「迄今為止,與我共事拍檔之中,最有才華、最夠瘋狂。」
Joan Baez 在1960年代的民謠演奏,給樂迷留下深刻印象,包括1969年在 Woodstock 音樂節中,她演唱的14首歌曲。2017年,她入選「搖滾名人堂」。經歷六十載,2019年 Baez 宣佈退出樂壇。
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Bob Dylan's songs are rooted in the rich tradition of American folk music. He is influenced by the poets of modernism and the beatnik movement. Early on, Dylan's lyrics incorporated social struggles and political protest, like “Blowin' in the Wind”. Love and religion are other important themes. His writing is often characterized by refined rhymes and it paints surprising, sometimes surreal imagery, like “Farewell, Angelina”.
Additionally, that Dylan had created a new vernacular in popular music was apparent at every turn. An entire generation of recording artists seemed suddenly to have adopted Dylan's vocabulary, his expansive lyrical frame of reference, his sneer, his put-down style, his questioning of tradition and his ambivalent attitude toward romance. These were all novel things at the time, even his belligerence operating on a higher intellectual plane than the traditional greaseball snottiness of Elvis and other classic rockers.
The New York Times reported: “Mr. Dylan, 75, is the first musician to win the award, and his [Nobel] selection on Thursday is perhaps the most radical choice in a history stretching back to 1901.”
A novelist Rabih Alameddine tweeted, “Bob Dylan winning a Nobel in Literature is like Mrs Fields being awarded 3 Michelin stars.” The cookies from Debbi Fields are famous around the world.
Dylan's songwriting peer and friend Leonard Cohen said that no prizes were necessary to recognize the greatness of the man who transformed pop music. “To me,” Cohen said, “the Nobel is like pinning a medal on Mount Everest for being the highest mountain.”
Bob Dylan 的歌曲,植根於豐富的美國民謠傳統。他深受現代主義詩人影響,亦受反傳統披頭運動的薰陶。早期 Dylan 的歌詞,融合社會鬥爭和政治控訴,如《Blowin' in the Wind》。其他主要範疇,包括愛情與信仰。他的作品,常常以精煉的韻律為特徵,描繪出令人驚訝、有點超現實的意象,比如《Farewell, Angelina》。
此外,Dylan 在流行音樂中,不斷轉型,每次明顯有創新對白。整整一代歌唱藝人,隨即跟風,採用 Dylan 的詞彙﹕他廣闊的抒情空間、他的嘲弄冷笑、他的貼地風格、他對傳統的質疑、以及他對浪漫的曖昧態度。當時,這全部都是聞所未聞。他甚至在更高的知識層面上,拼搏開拓新境界,而不似貓王 Elvis 和其他傳統搖滾歌手,只有經典油脂式的傲慢。
《紐約時報》報導:「75歲的 Dylan 先生,是第一位獲得該獎項的音樂家。本周四的評選,可能是自1901年以來,(諾貝爾)歷史上最進取的抉擇。」
小說家 Rabih Alameddine 在 Twitter 寫道:「Bob Dylan 獲得諾貝爾文學獎,就像 Mrs Fields 獲得米芝蓮三粒星一樣。」Debbi Fields(費太太)的曲奇餅舉世知名。
Dylan 的歌曲創作同行和朋友 Leonard Cohen,表示不必以頒獎形式,表彰這位改變流行音樂的偉人。「對我來說,這諾貝爾獎就像如此﹕把一枚《最高聳山峰》的獎章,釘在珠穆朗瑪峰上面。」
Dylan did not attend the Nobel Banquet in Stockholm on 10 December 2016. His acceptance speech (in Chinese) was read by the U.S. Ambassador to Sweden. He recounted his reaction to the Nobel prize,
I was out on the road when I received this surprising news, and it took me more than a few minutes to properly process it. I began to think about William Shakespeare, the great literary figure. [...] When he was writing Hamlet, I’m sure he was thinking about a lot of different things: “Who’re the right actors for these roles?” [...] I would bet that the farthest thing from Shakespeare’s mind was the question “Is this literature?” [...] Like Shakespeare, I too am often occupied with the pursuit of my creative endeavors and dealing with all aspects of life’s mundane matters. [...] “Is this song in the right key?” Some things never change, even in 400 years. Not once have I ever had the time to ask myself, “Are my songs literature?” So, I do thank the Swedish Academy, both for taking the time to consider that very question, and, ultimately, for providing such a wonderful answer.Besides giving the acceptance speech, Dylan was to deliver a Nobel Lecture, otherwise the prize money would be forfeited. Dylan recorded a video lecture, which was posted on the Nobel Prize website 5 days before the deadline 10 June 2017. He made several references to literature, ending with these words,
That’s what songs are too. Our songs are alive in the land of the living. But songs are unlike literature. They’re meant to be sung, not read. The words in Shakespeare’s plays were meant to be acted on the stage. Just as lyrics in songs are meant to be sung, not read on a page. And I hope some of you get the chance to listen to these lyrics the way they were intended to be heard: in concert or on record or however people are listening to songs these days. I return once again to Homer, who says, “Sing in me, oh Muse, and through me tell the story.”Homer was an ancient Greek bard who was said to be blind. His famous epic poems were passed down orally. Muses are nine goddesses of literature and art in Greek mythology. They are in charge of art and science, and give inspiration to artists.
2016年12月10日,諾貝爾晚宴在斯德哥爾摩舉行。Dylan 缺席頒獎儀式,由美國駐瑞典大使宣讀他的致謝詞(中譯文本)。他憶述獲獎的反應﹕
我在巡迴演唱半途,收到這個驚喜的消息,花上不止幾分鐘,來真正啄磨它。 首先想到大文豪莎士比亞。[...] 我敢肯定,在撰寫《王子復仇記》時,他心想很多瑣事:「這些角色,誰是合適的演員?」[...] 我敢打賭,在莎士比亞腦海中,離他所想最遠的,是此問題:「這篇作品是文學嗎?」 [...] 像莎士比亞一樣,我也經常忙東忙西,努力尋求創作,處理生活瑣事。[...]「這首歌的曲調對嗎?」即使經歷四百年,有些事情永遠不變。 的而且確,從未有時間撫心自問:「我的歌曲是文學嗎?」 所以,我非常感激瑞典學院﹔多謝他們肯花時間,考慮這個問題,並最終提供如此美好的答案。除發表獲獎感言外,Dylan 還要發表諾貝爾得獎演講,否則獎金會遭沒收。截止日期(即2017年6月10日)之前5天,諾貝爾獎網站發布 Dylan 錄製的視頻演講。他從文學巨著,引經據典,以此結束﹕
歌曲也是如此。我們的歌曲,在世間上有生命。但歌曲不同於文學﹕歌是用來唱的,不是用來讀的。莎士比亞戲劇中的台詞,本來就是要在舞台上朗誦。歌曲中的歌詞也一樣,要唱出來,而不要從紙上讀出來。在音樂會上﹑或從唱片中﹑或現今人們如何聽歌,我希望各位,有機會聆聽這些歌詞,細心欣賞其原意。讓我再次引述荷馬,他說:「哦,繆斯女神,請在我心中歌唱,透過我講述故事。」荷馬(Homer)是古希臘吟遊詩人,相傳失明。他著名的史詩作品,口傳於世。缪斯(Muses)是希臘神話中九位文藝女神的總稱,她們主司藝術與科學,賜予藝術家靈感。